1. Idivayisi ekhethekile
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukushintshwa kosayizi wendawo okugxilwe kuyo okubangelwa ukushintsha kosayizi we-focal yangaphambili, umkhiqizi wesistimu yokusika i-laser uhlinzeka ngamathuluzi akhethekile abasebenzisi abangawakhetha:
(1) I-Collimator.Lena indlela evamile, okungukuthi, i-collimator yengezwe ekupheleni kokuphuma kwe-CO2 laser yokucubungula ukunwetshwa.Ngemva kokunwetshwa, ububanzi be-beam buba bukhulu futhi i-engeli yokuhlukana iba yincane, ukuze usayizi we-beam ngaphambi kokuphela okuseduze nokugxila ekugcineni kusondele okufanayo phakathi kwebanga lokusebenza lokusika.
(2) I-eksisi engezansi ezimele yelensi ehambayo yengezwa ekhanda elisika, okuyizingxenye ezimbili ezizimele ezine-eksisi engu-Z elawula ibanga phakathi kombhobho nendawo ebonakalayo.Lapho i-worktable yethuluzi lomshini ihamba noma i-optical axis ihamba, i-axis ye-F ye-axis isuka ekugcineni eseduze iye ekugcineni ekude ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuze ububanzi bebala buhlale bufana kuyo yonke indawo yokucubungula ngemva ugongolo lugxilile.
(3) Lawula umfutho wamanzi welensi yokugxilisa ingqondo (imvamisa isistimu yokugxila ekukhanyeni kwensimbi).Uma usayizi we-beam ngaphambi kokugxila uba mncane futhi ububanzi bendawo okugxilwe kuyo buba bukhulu, ukucindezela kwamanzi kulawulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze kushintshwe ijika eligxilile ukuze kuncishiswe ububanzi bendawo okugxilwe kuyo.
(4) Uhlelo lwesinxephezelo sendlela ye-optical ku-X kanye ne-Y tinkhombandlela yengezwe emshinini wokusika we-optical ondizayo.Okusho ukuthi, lapho indlela ye-optical ekupheleni kokusika ikhuphuka, indlela ye-optical isinxephezelo iyafinyezwa;Ngokuphambene nalokho, lapho indlela ye-optical eduze nokuphela kokusika iyancipha, indlela ye-optical isinxephezelo iyanda ukuze kugcinwe ubude bendlela ye-optical buhambisana.
2. Ubuchwepheshe bokusika nokubhoboza
Noma yiluphi uhlobo lobuchwepheshe bokusika okushisayo, ngaphandle kwamacala ambalwa angaqala kusukela emaphethelweni epuleti, ngokuvamile imbobo encane kufanele ibhojwe epuletini.Ngaphambilini, emshinini we-laser stamping compound, imbobo yashaywa ngesibhakela, yabe isisikwa emgodini omncane nge-laser.Emishinini yokusika i-laser ngaphandle kwedivayisi yokugxiviza, kunezindlela ezimbili eziyisisekelo zokubhoboza:
(1) Ukubhoboza ukuqhuma: ngemva kokushiswa kwensimbi ngelaser eqhubekayo, kwakhiwa umgodi phakathi nendawo, bese into encibilikisiwe isuswa ngokushesha yi-coaxial yokugeleza komoya-mpilo nge-laser beam ukuze kwakheke imbobo.Ngokuvamile, ubukhulu bomgodi buhlobene nobukhulu bepuleti.Isilinganiso sobubanzi bembobo yokuqhuma siyingxenye yogqinsi lwepuleti.Ngakho-ke, ububanzi bembobo yokuqhuma yepuleti elijiyile likhulu futhi aliyindilinga.Ayifanele ukusetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezinezidingo eziphakeme (njengepayipi lomthungo wesikrini samafutha), kodwa kudoti kuphela.Ukwengeza, ngenxa yokuthi umfutho we-oxygen osetshenziselwa ukubhoboza uyafana nalowo osetshenziselwa ukusika, i-splash inkulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-pulse perforation nayo idinga uhlelo oluthembeke kakhulu lokulawula indlela yegesi ukuze kubonakale ukushintsha kohlobo lwegesi nomfutho wegesi kanye nokulawula isikhathi sokubhoboza.Endabeni yokubhobozwa kwe-pulse, ukuze kutholwe ukusika kwekhwalithi ephezulu, ubuchwepheshe bokushintsha kusuka ekubhobozeni i-pulse lapho ucezu lokusebenza lumile ukuya kusivinini esingaguquki sokusika okuqhubekayo kwesiqeshana sokusebenza kufanele sinakwe.Ngokombono, izimo zokusika zesigaba sokusheshisa ngokuvamile zingashintshwa, njengobude bokugxila, indawo ye-nozzle, ingcindezi yegesi, njll., kodwa empeleni, akunakwenzeka ukushintsha izimo ezingenhla ngenxa yesikhathi esifushane.
3. Idizayini ye-nozzle kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulawula ukugeleza komoya
Lapho insimbi isika i-laser, umoya-mpilo kanye ne-laser beam egxilile kudubula into enqunyiwe ngombhobho, ukuze kwakheke i-air flow beam.Isidingo esiyisisekelo sokugeleza komoya ukuthi ukugeleza komoya ekusikeni kufanele kube kukhulu futhi isivinini kufanele sibe phezulu, ukuze i-oxidation eyanele ingenza izinto ezisikiwe ziqhube ngokugcwele ukusabela kwe-exothermic;Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kukhona umfutho owanele wokufafaza futhi ukhiphe izinto ezincibilikisiwe.Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwekhwalithi ye-beam kanye nokulawula kwayo okuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yokusika, ukuklanywa kwe-nozzle nokulawulwa kokugeleza komoya (njengokucindezela kwe-nozzle, isikhundla se-workpiece ekugelezeni komoya, njll. ) nazo ziyizici ezibaluleke kakhulu.I-nozzle yokusika i-laser yamukela isakhiwo esilula, okungukuthi, umgodi oyindilinga onembobo encane eyindilinga ekugcineni.Izivivinyo nezindlela zamaphutha ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa ukuklama.
Ngenxa yokuthi umlomo wombhobho ngokuvamile wenziwe ngethusi elibomvu futhi unomthamo omncane, uyingxenye esengozini futhi udinga ukushintshwa njalo, ukuze ukubala nokuhlaziywa kwe-hydrodynamic akwenziwa.Lapho isetshenziswa, igesi enengcindezi ethile ye-PN (gauge pressure PG) yethulwa ohlangothini lombhobho, okubizwa ngokuthi i-nozzle pressure.Ikhishwa ku-nozzle bese ifinyelela endaweni yokusebenza ngebanga elithile.Ukucindezela kwayo kubizwa ngokuthi i-PC yengcindezi yokusika, futhi ekugcineni igesi inweba kumfutho womoya we-PA.Umsebenzi wocwaningo ubonisa ukuthi ngokwanda kwe-PN, isivinini sokugeleza siyakhuphuka futhi i-PC nayo iyanda.
Ifomula elandelayo ingasetshenziswa ukubala: v = 8.2d2 (PG + 1) V - izinga lokugeleza kwegesi L / ingqondo - ububanzi be-nozzle MMPg - i-nozzle pressure (gauge pressure) ibha
Kunemikhawulo ehlukene yokucindezela kwamagesi ahlukene.Uma umfutho we-nozzle udlula leli nani, ukugeleza kwegesi kuyigagasi elivamile le-oblique shock, futhi isivinini sokugeleza kwegesi sihamba sisuka ku-subsonic siye ku-supersonic.Lo mkhawulo uhlobene nesilinganiso se-PN ne-PA kanye nezinga lenkululeko (n) lama-molecule egesi: isibonelo, n = 5 womoya-mpilo nomoya, ngakho umkhawulo wawo PN = 1bar × (1.2)3.5=1.89bar. Nini ingcindezi ye-nozzle iphakeme, i-PN / PA = (1 + 1 / N) 1 + n / 2 (PN; 4bar), ukugeleza komoya kujwayelekile, uphawu lokushaqeka kwe-oblique luba ukushaqeka okuhle, i-PC yengcindezi yokusika iyancipha, umoya isivinini sokugeleza siyancipha, futhi imisinga eddy yakheka endaweni yokusebenza, eyenza buthaka indima yokugeleza komoya ekususeni izinto ezincibilikisiwe futhi kuthinte isivinini sokusika.Ngakho-ke, imbobo enembobo eyindilinga kanye nembobo encane eyindilinga ekugcineni iyamukelwa, futhi ingcindezi ye-nozzle ye-oxygen ngokuvamile ingaphansi kwama-3bar.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-26-2022
